The Five 5 Generation of Computer Definition & its Features - Estudy Materials

The Five generations of computer-first-generation, second generation, third generation, fourth generation & fifth generation are characterized by electrical current flowing through the processing mechanisms

DEFINITION OF COMPUTER

A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations, and operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program. It has the ability to accept data (input), process it, and then produce outputs.
Computers can also store data for later uses inappropriate storage devices, and retrieve it whenever it is necessary
Modern computers are electronic devices used for a variety of purposes ranging from browsing the web, writing documents, editing videos, creating applications, playing video games, etc.
They are designed to execute applications and provide a variety of solutions by combining integrated hardware and software components.

FEATURES OF COMPUTER

Multitasking.
Accurate & Speed.
Efficient.
Reliability.
Recoverability.

Five Generation Of Computer

1. FIRST GENERATION (1942-1955)-VACUUM TUBES:

This generation computer used Vacuum tubes as the main electronic component responsible for the processing data.
These computers were physically large in size and required large rooms for installation.
Magnetic drums were used for memory.
These computers produced a large amount of heat due to the large consumption of electricity.
They performed slow input-output operations. Only machine and assembly language were used.

2. SECOND GENERATION (1955-1964)-TRANSISTORS:

This generation computer used Transistor in place of vacuum tubes.
They were much smaller in size and required lesser space for installation.
Magnetic tapes were used as secondary storage.
They consumed lesser power and therefore a lesser amount of heat was generated as compared to first-generation computers.
High-Level languages were used to instruct the computers for performing various tasks.
High input /output operations speed than first-generation computers.

3. THIRD GENERATION (1964-1975)-INTEGRATED CIRCUITS:

Integrated Circuits were used instead of vacuum tubes and Transistors.
The size of these computers was smaller than the earlier computers.
Magnetic disk used for external storage and storage space available in these computers was much more than an earlier computer.
They consume less power than second-generation computers.
They had high processing speed than second-generation computers.
Monitor and keyboard were used for input and output.
They were General purpose machines suitable for both scientific and commercial applications.

4. FOURTH GENERATION (1975-1989)-MICROPROCESSORS:

High-speed Microprocessors were used. Millions of electronic components were integrated on a single microprocessor chip.
They were much smaller and cheaper than third-generation computers.
They consumed less power than third-generation computers.
Graphical user Interface enabled new users to quickly learn how to use computer
Use of standard high-level languages allowed the program to be transferred from one computer to another's
Supports more input and output devices or other terminals than previous generation computers

5. FIFTH GENERATION (1989-PRESENT)-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

Fifth generation computers, based on artificial intelligence are still in development. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans.
The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices that respond to natural language input (human languages like English, Hindi, and French, etc.) and are capable of learning.

Table of 5 Five Generation Of Computer

Five Generations of Computers
Generations of computers	Duration	Evolution of hardware
First-generation	The 1940s-1950s	Vacuum tube
Second generation	The 1950s-1960s	Transistor
Third generation	The 1960s-1970s	Integrated circuit
Fourth generation	1970s-present	Microprocessor
Fifth-generation	The present and the future	Artificial intelligence

#1 The Five Generation of Computer Definition & its Features - Estudy Materials